The sandwich sign

'The sandwich sign': mesenteric lymphoma.

CASE REPORT A 68-year-old male presented to an urgent care facility complaining of dizziness, lightheadedness, new onset left, lower-extremity weakness, as well as urinary urgency and decreased urine output. He was sent to the Emergency Department to be evaluated for stroke. An MRI of the brain revealed acute and subacute lacunar infarctions. Given his urinary retention, a Foley catheter was pl...

The Pleural Sandwich Sign in Two Cases of Primary Pleural Lymphoma

The sandwich sign is used to describe mesenteric lymphoma in which mesenteric vessels and fat are enveloped by enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. We present two cases of primary pleural lymphoma demonstrating the "pleural sandwich sign". Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed conglomerated parietal pleural and extrapleural masses encasing the intercostal arteries. Histopathological examinat...

Sandwich sign of Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVE To assess the appearance of Borrmann type 4 (BT-4) gastric cancer on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and to investigate the potential of qualitative and quantitative DW images analysis to differentiate BT-4 gastric cancer from poorly distended normal stomach wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS DWI was performed on 23 patients with BT-4 gastric cancer and 23 healthy volun...

Trauma or Tumor? The Nail Splay Sign

The sandwich line graph

We observe that ω(G) + χ(S( G)) = n = ω(S( G)) + χ(G) for any graph G with n vertices, where G is any acyclic orientation of G and where S( G) is the (complement of the) auxiliary line graph introduced in [1]. (Where as usual, ω and χ denote the clique number and the chromatic number.) It follows that, for any graph parameter β(G) sandwiched between ω(G) and χ(G), then Φβ( G) := n−β(S( G)) is s...